Art 109: Renaissance to Modern Westchester Community College Prof. M. Hall © Spring 2011 Romanticism Goya_Sleep Neoclassicism Neoclassicism emerged during a period of great optimism and hope The French revolution began with noble ideals of “liberty, equality, fraternity” Declaration of the Rights of Man, 1789 Wikipedia Neoclassicism Neoclassicism expressed this optimism with its noble heroes from the past, and its pristine clarity and precision David_Oath Jacques Louis David, Oath of the Horatii, 1784 Louvre f_we_the_people Romanticism Like Neoclassicism, Romanticism was a product of the Enlightenment “Romanticism emerged from a desire for freedom – not only political freedom, but also freedom of thought, of feeling, of action . . .” Declaration of the Rights of Man, 1789 Wikipedia Neoclassicism But Romanticism emerged in the wake of the Reign of Terror and Napoleon’s rise to power David_napoleon Jacques Louis David, Napoleon at Saint-Bernard Pass, 1801 Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna
  Neoclassicism Neoclassicism celebrated Reason, Science, and Virtue Death_of_Socrates 1115.jpg Romanticism Romanticism focused on individual feelings and imagination Quentin La Tour, Jean Jacques Rousseau, 1753 Musée d'Art et d'Histoire, Geneva Web Gallery of Art “The transition from Neoclassicism to Romanticism manifested in a shift in emphasis from reason to feeling, from calculation to intuition, and from objective nature to subjective emotion.” Gardner, p. 339 “Trust your heart rather than your head” “Feeling is all!” Romanticism The term “Romanticism” calls up images of steamy love scenes commonly found in “romance novels” But Romantic themes were not limited to romance Image source: http://www.vimby.com/blog/2009/02/04/im-not-the-only-one-who-loves-romance-novel-cover-art/ Romanticism 106delac Romantic artists explored the full range of human emotions - including terror, awe, and madness Eugene Delacroix, Orphan Girl at a Cemetery, 1824 Louvre “Many of [Delacroix’s] paintings depict scenes of suffering, fear, and despair, while others are filled with a sense of boundless rapture and energy or even tranquility. His art draws on themes from mythology, literature, the mysterious East, and contemporary history, all treated with the same emotional intensity.” Louvre Romanticism star-wars-episode-iii-darth-vader-4900970 Romantic artists explored the “dark side” of human nature in contrast to Neoclassicism’s men of Virtue and Reason 205david Romanticism frankensteinFull Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein, written in 1818, is a classic Romantic tale The novel explores the terrifying consequences of a scientific experiment gone wrong -- challenging the Enlightenment’s faith in science Film still from Frankenstein Meets the Wolfman, 1943 Source: http://www.frankenstein1931.com/cast/frankenstein_films.html 1204.jpg Romantic Themes Romantic artists explored dreams and the imagination Henri Fuseli, The Nightmare, 1781 Detroit Institute of the Arts Romantic Themes 1123 And morbid subjects such as ruins and cemeteries Caspar David Friedrich, Abbey in the Oak Forest, 1810 Staatliche Museum, Berlin Romantic Themes 804delac Themes from literature opened up a whole new world for imaginative exploration Eugene Delacroix, Hamlet and Horatio in the Graveyard, 1843 Image source: http://www.eugenedelacroix.org/Hamlet-and-Horatio-in-the-Graveyard-1843.html Romantic Themes And exotic people and places gave further opportunity to explore the mysterious and the unknown Eugene Delacroix, The Natchez, 1823-35 Metropolitan Museum “The Romantics -- represented by the painter Delacroix, who does battle with a broad brush -- made paintings that emphasized color, emotion and visible brushstrokes. The academician Ingres -- who is shown on the other side of the duel, representing the Neo-Classical approach -- holds a pen to remind his opponent of the importance of line and drawing. Ingres thought that visible brushwork was "vulgar." The Romantics thought Ingres was a prig.” http://www.huffingtonpost.com/john-seed/precise-paintings-painter_b_816515.html#s234253&title=Karen_Azarnia_Walking Based on Raphael’s School of Athens, the painting depicts the Greek poet Homer seated before a Greek temple, and surrounded by great artists and writers from history (including Phidias, Michelangelo, Poussin) Symmetrical, ordered, and balanced, the picture is a tribute to the rational values of the classical tradition. Ingres_Odalisque Jean Auguste Dominique Ingres, Grand Odalisque, 1814 Louvre Ingres’ Odalisque reclines seductively on a couch surrounded by rich silks and furs, as she gazes at the viewer with a “come hither” expression. Ingres_Odalisque Jean Auguste Dominique Ingres, Grand Odalisque, 1814 Louvre When Ingres exhibited the picture at the Salon of 1819 he was criticized for the figure’s anatomical distortions. 33166_rf1158_001 The figure’s back is strangely elongated 24158_p0001536 24157_p0001536 The left leg does not connect logically to the body Romanticism Ingres’ chief rival was Eugene Delacroix, who rejected the values of Neoclassicism Nadar, Eugene Delacroix, c. 1855 1201.jpg “One entry in the diary of Eugène Delacroix (1798-1863) reads, “I dislike reasonable painting.” Louvre Romanticism delacroix15 His style was very different from Ingres’ cool Neoclassicism Eugene Delacroix, Self Portrait, 1837 Musée du Louvre, Paris “His technique was impetuous, improvisational, and instinctive, rather than the deliberate, studious, and cold application of pigment of the Neoclassicists.” Gardner, p. 343 1208.jpg Romanticism Delacroix’s Death of Sardanapalus is a classic example of Romanticism It is based on a poem by Lord Byron about an ancient Assyrian King Eugene Delacroix, Death of Sardanapalus, 1826 Louvre Romanticism Unlike Ingres’ Apotheosis of Homer, which was exhibited at the same Salon, the picture does not pay tribute to a noble hero Instead, it depicts a scene of sadistic violence and passion Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres, Apotheosis of Homer, 1827 Louvre 1208.jpg “The scene is one of utter chaos . . . The figures are scattered across the canvas, making it difficult to find any visual coherence . . . The lust for luxury and pleasure are reflected in the colorful objects, swathes of cloth, jewels, and the reeling bodies.” Louvre 206delac “The king’s emotionless expression is all the more shocking in the midst of such an orgy of violence.” Louvre Neoclassicism and Romanticism The contrast between these two works sums up the competing values of Neoclassicism and Romanticism Delacroix_Sardanapalus Eugene Delacroix, Death of Sardanapalus, 1826 Louvre Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres, Apotheosis of Homer, 1827 Louvre Neoclassicism Romanticism 1208.jpg Emphasis on reason and virtue Emphasis on feelings, emotion – “human nature,” which is not always virtuous or noble Neoclassicism Romanticism 1208.jpg Subject Matter Historical Exemplars of virtue Subject Matter Themes from literature & the imagination Exotic people & places Horrific events Neoclassicism Romanticism 1208.jpg Style: painted with the “head” Smooth finish Balanced, ordered, harmonious Style: painted with the “heart” Loose, sketchy brushstroke Expressive color, dynamic composition, dramatic lighting Francisco de Goya Self_portrait The Spanish painter Francisco de Goya was a leading representative of Romanticism Francisco de Goya, Self Portrait, 1815 Royal Academy of San Fernando, Madrid Francisco de Goya Royal_family Goya was court painter to Charles IV of Spain Francisco de Goya, Charles IV and His Family, 1800 Museo Nacional del Prado, Madrid Francisco de Goya In 1808 French troops invaded Spain and Napoleon’s brother was made King of Spain ean Baptiste Joseph Wicar, Portrait of Joseph Bonaparte, King of Spain, 1808 The Disasters of War The Spanish populace rose up against the French occupying armies Francisco de Goya, Lo mismo, etching from Los Disastros de la Guerra, 1810-15 Image source: NYPL Digital Library The Disasters of War Picture 13 Goya chronicled the atrocities he witnessed in a series of etchings called “The Disasters of War” Francisco de Goya, Frontispiece, Los Disastros de la Guerra, 1810-15 http://www.gasl.org/refbib/Goya__Guerra.pdf Francisco de Goya, Y no hai remedio (“And there is no help for it,”) etching from Los Disastros de la Guerra, 1810-15 Image source: NYPL Digital Library “In eighty small, compact images, each etched with acid on copper, Goya told the appalling truth . . . . “ http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/goya/hd_goya.htm Francisco de Goya, Y no hay tiempo (And there is no time), etching from Los Disastros de la Guerra, 1810-15 Image source: NYPL Digital Library “He aimed a high-power beam on hideous sights: guerrillas shot at close range; the ragged remains of mutilated corpses; and the emaciated victims of war's partner, famine . . . . “ http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/goya/hd_goya.htm Francisco de Goya, Heroic Feat! With Dead Men!, plate 39 from The Disasters of War, c. 1812/15, published 1863 Art Institute of Chicago “Never before had a story of man's inhumanity to man been so compellingly told, every episode reported with the utmost compassion, the human form described with such keen honesty and pitying respect.” http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/goya/hd_goya.htm Francisco de Goya, “Tampoco (Not either),” etching from Los Disastros de la Guerra, 1810-15 Image source: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Goya_War3.jpg Abu Graib prison photograph Source: http://www.nasa-intelligence.com/infocus/AbuGhraib/ The brutal scenes have a similar impact to the photographs of Abu Graib prison – especially in the indifference of the tormentors Francisco de Goya Goya_Sleep In The Sleep of Reason Goya shows a young student who has fallen asleep He is haunted by owls and bats – symbols of folly and ignorance that are as much a part of human nature as “reason” Francisco de Goya, The Sleep of Reason Produces Monsters, From Los Caprichos, c. 1798 Francisco de Goya Goya_May Goya’s major work chronicling the war is The Third of May 1808 It depicts a French firing squad executing unarmed Spanish peasants in retaliation for an uprising against the occupying army Francisco de Goya, The Third of May 1808, 1814 Museo Nacional del Prado, Madrid Goya_May The scene takes place at night and is illuminated by a lantern Goya_May Our eyes are drawn particularly to the spotlighted figure whose arms are raised in the pose of the crucified Christ 715goya Goya_May Goya makes the viewer sympathize with the peasants by focusing on their anguish as they await their fate Goya_May The firing squad is faceless, and makes an ironic reference to David’s Oath of the Horatii David_Oath Francisco de Goya David_Oath Goya’s painting is different from Neoclassicism because it does not celebrate virtue Jacques Louis David, Oath of the Horatii, 1784 Louvre Francisco de Goya West Nor is it meant to be a a modern history painting that glorifies a great hero Benjamin West, Death of General Wolfe, 1771 National Gallery of Canada Francisco de Goya 715goya Instead, Goya focuses on the helpless victims of social injustice His painting does not celebrate human virtue but rather denounces human brutality Francisco de Goya Goya_May What makes this work Romantic? Francisco de Goya, The Third of May 1808, 1814 Museo Nacional del Prado, Madrid Francisco de Goya Goya_May Theme: Man’s inhumanity to man Francisco de Goya, The Third of May 1808, 1814 Museo Nacional del Prado, Madrid Francisco de Goya Goya_May Style: Loose, sketchy, spontaneous Francisco de Goya, The Third of May 1808, 1814 Museo Nacional del Prado, Madrid Francisco de Goya Goya_May Subjectivism: Expresses the artist’s individual outrage Francisco de Goya, The Third of May 1808, 1814 Museo Nacional del Prado, Madrid Francisco de Goya self-portrait2 Romanticism gave birth to the modern concept of the artist as social commentator Francisco de Goya, Self Portrait, 1790-95 Royal Academy of San Fernando, Madrid Gericault Theodore Géricault, Raft of the Medusa, 1818-1819 16’ x 23’ Louvre “Géricault drew his inspiration from the account of two survivors of the Medusa—a French Royal Navy frigate that set sail in 1816 to colonize Senegal. It was captained by an officer of the Ancien Régime who had not sailed for over twenty years and who ran the ship aground on a sandbank. Due to the shortage of lifeboats, those who were left behind had to build a raft for 150 souls—a construction that drifted away on a bloody 13-day odyssey that was to save only 10 lives. The disaster of the shipwreck was made worse by the brutality and cannibalism that ensued.” Louvre Gericault Theodore Géricault, Raft of the Medusa, 1818-1819 16’ x 23’ Louvre Gericault portrays the dramatic moment when a rescue ship is spotted on the horizon Gericault Theodore Géricault, Raft of the Medusa, 1818-1819 16’ x 23’ Louvre He signals his sympathy for the Abolitionist movement by placing a black man at the apex of the pyramid Gericault Theodore Géricault, Raft of the Medusa, 1818-1819 16’ x 23’ Louvre The raft is littered with dead and decaying bodies Gericault Theodore Géricault, Raft of the Medusa, 1818-1819 16’ x 23’ Louvre Far from being a celebration of human virtue, the picture depicts a scene of unmitigated horror and suffering – there are no heroes Gericault Theodore Géricault, Raft of the Medusa, 1818-1819 16’ x 23’ Louvre As one critic complained: "Monsieur Géricault seems mistaken. The goal of painting is to speak to the soul and the eyes, not to repel." Katrina2 Kara_Walker_New_Yorker

by this Professor Melissa Hall Mississippi . Romanticism the arts . . Neoclassicism emerged during a period of great optimism and hope The French revolution began with noble ideals of liberty equality and fraternity . Neoclassicism expressed this optimism with its noble heroes from the past and pristine clarity and precision . I Neoclassicism Romanticism was a product of the Enlightenment get textbook no Romanticism emerged from a desire for freedom not only political freedom but also freedom of thought of feeling of action . . Romanticism emerged in the wake of the Reign of Terror and Napoleon's rise to power . Neoclassicism celebrated Reason Science and Virtue . . Romanticism focused on individual feelings and imagination . the transition from Neoclassicism to Romanticism manifested itself in a shift in emphasis from reason to feeling from calculation to intuition and from objective nature to subjective emotion . one of the slogans of the romantic movement was Trust your heart rather than your head and that feeling is all . the Romanticism calls up images of steamy love scenes commonly found in romance novels But Romantic themes were not limited to romance in fact this was very rarely read present it . instead Romantic artists explored the full range of human emotions including Terror awe and madness . this is a summary from the move on the work of the teen pop . Philip was paintings depict scenes of suffering fear and despair while others are filled with a sense of boundless rapture and energy or even tranquility his art draws on themes from mythology literature the mysterious East and contemporary history all treated with the team emotional intensity to when you think Romantic pink feeling in the much larger scheme of things . Romantic artists explored the dark side of human nature . the main contrast to Neoclassicists and focus on men of Virtue and Reason . yes Shelley's Frankenstein written in eighteen eight . classic Romantic tale The novel explores the terrifying consequences of a scientific experiment gone wrong challenging the Enlightenment's a good sign . the artists explored the green shoots themes such as prednisone the imagination at Saint Henri Fuseli least . and nineteen . ruins and cemeteries were popular . and Themes from literature opened up a whole new world for imaginative exploration . and places also gave further Opportunity to explore a mysterious and the and no . the figures of the nineteen country French Academy were shunned . Donald close Dominique own . in the name and yells I Anti runes but it is pronounced ah long . and his rival . you seem to love . it represented the rival schools of Neoclassicism and Romanticism Their rivalry replayed the seventeenth century debate between the proceedings and the grouping . Khartoum by Bertall shows della Chua left home on the right . the Romantics represented by the painter kilo Chua who does battle with a loaded brush made paintings that emphasized color emotion and visible brushstrokes . after making them on . we don't on the right side of the duel representing the Neo Classical approach holds a sharp pointy bit and to remind his opponent of the importance of Line and drawing on thought that visible brushwork was older . the Romantics thought On was a prig . thus the pupil and successor to stop the leak Anti and he was a leading Neoclassical painter in the nineteenth century . . this painting which was submitted to the Salon of eighteen twenty seven was a kind of manifesto of Neoclassicism . based on the field School of Athens the painting depicts the Greek Homer tell A seated before a Greek temple and surrounded by great artists and writers from three including II including Phineas here with hammer Michelangelo you might recognize here and the French Baroque painter Nicolas . . Symmetrical ordered and balanced the key is a tribute to the rational values of the classical tradition . I also painted mythical nudes that drew on the inspiration of classical art to teach this painting here titled source with the spring . clearly based on classical statues in the next . this painting . broke with Neoclassicism by could and would be . why on Institute of that . the artist on the one hand he's down for the tradition of Neoclassicism but there is the Romantic flavor to some of his works include the killer . Muir Eastern new touches the ground under me . one of the beginning how attentive of a Turkish Harem an on the role of the story of what we call oriental icing news one of his most famous is a Turkish bath in blue . and here from the luge at the and of this life on created the most erotic of all his works with this Harem scene . combine the figures that the nude with an oriental theme . the inspiration the letters simply Montague who recounts a visit to a women . it's temple in the early eighteenth century . and thirty kg erotic and exotic . he does not belong to Neoclassicism The supposed to teach moral virtue . the flavor to Romantic labor . works Police talk about this entry . he and I be sorted exotic and erotic . the French colonial Empire stimulated curiosity about exotic peoples and places . Visitors such as Lady Mary Montagu described customs that seemed alien to Western High . Turkish Harem where Muslim women lived in seclusion from Male society was an especially leading Topic In the European imagination . the storm became a symbol of illicit sexuality and poked proof of Near Eastern generously . belief . to Romantic fascination with exotic people and places but it also reflected colonialist stereotypes of Turkish society that that justify colonial colonial expansion . I totally stricken ensued of deeply honored to surrounded by great silks and furs as she pieces that you work with a come during expression . tuition turban on her head Other exotic excess grease include a peacock fan silk curtains and even the pipe for smoking opium . the picture at the Salon of eighteen nineteen . I think it anatomical distortions . the figure's back is strangely long gate because he added several vertebrae to her spine . the left leg does and can logically to the body . the artist Benintendi self by claiming artistic license . early champion of the popular theory of Art for Art's sake . according to this theory not only did was art and it is art not suppose you know artists not required to search any kind of moral or didactic purpose but also artistic style is more important than fidelity to nature . the ETS . the roots of this idea go back to seek him century Mannerism where Artist willful The distorted for the sake of art rather than remaining two truthful to nature . and just an FYI the Metropolitan Museum has a sales person of the ground lease the sale meaning black and white . be held the chief rival was Eugene . who Rejected the values of Neoclassicism he once wrote . he once wrote I did like reasonable painting . style was very different from home for Neoclassicism . but no the week was popular in provocation and instinctive rather than deliberate . that didn't deliberate studious and cold application of pigment of the Neoclassicists bikie RAC this self portrait . Barry . she sort of way of keeping totally different from other very smooth and polished Neoclassical style on . style is slick Polished and reserved in a matter of this teacher Jacques Louis Deacon told his students never let your brushwork show . style is loose and spontaneous expresses an unrestrained passion that contrasts with the palms cool Neoclassical I'll have to move quickly Discovering the art of Delacroix is like going on a whirlwind journey through the deepest troughs of suffering fear despair and to the highest peaks . rapture and energy . yet consort Annapolis the classic example of Romanticism It based on a poem by Lord Byron about an ancient Assyrian weekend . multiple levels . first of all the fact that it's based on literature . second of all that it is placed in an exotic location ancient period . like on Apotheosis of Homer which was exhibited at the same Salon that does not pay tribute to a noble hero Instead it depicts a scene of the day violence and passion . remember I said Romanticism focused on the dark side of human nature . the about this ancient Assyrian King Sardanapalus . I his enemy and so he decides he's going to lie . but before doing so . all of you to believe when in the Willis discoursing laundered before its eyes . Luke describes this scene is one of utter chaos . the figures are scattered across the canvas making it difficult to find any visual coherence . it is very important balanced and cleaner . lots luxury and pleasure are reflected in the colorful objects . lots of clothes she wore outlook of the fuel on the king had greens on every finger brings the total women are the fuel discount it . and on . I get lots four possessions and on and pleasure . all of this . . emotionless expression is all the more shocking in its such an orgy of Ireland . between these two painting sums up the competing values of Neoclassicism and Romanticism select The due to be first of all there is . the overall theme where Alms word the emphasis is on reason and for you intend to look was Romantic where the Emphasis on feelings emotion human nature which is not always for tuition or noble . here is the subject matter itself on this work is adorable and I'd sit and the BQ represented our Exemplars of Virtue Intel quad four The theme comes from literature which allows him to explore and the UTEP which I believe that imagination to recreate the scene . interest in exotic peoples and places and an event that is really quite heartbreaking rather than rail . the nail on Neoclassicism you might think about it as being painted with a high . it's very calculated very smoothly finished composition is balanced ordered harmonious rational . the Romantic work on the other hand you might think of it as being painting that hard . it's very loose and she in the brushwork which which will and three . in a kind of feeling . you are very expressive . the competition in eighteen eight . notice that there's a very rope competition was strong diagonal and eight . but it's also very dynamic it . it's chaotic and full of movement . . elements that are inherited into Romanticism because there is so much emphasis on drama and emotion . the boy was also a leading representative of Romanticism . the school court painter to Charles Fort Payne was very much an enlightened . no wait French troops invaded Spain and Napoleon's brother was made . populace rose up against the French occupying army . Goya chronicled the atrocities he witnessed in a series of Etchings called . The Disasters of War . from the Medici and In eighty small compact images each etched with acid on copper Goya told the Apollo and truth . he and a high power beam on hideous sights . Ryland shot at close range . the ragged remains of mutilated corpses and the emaciated victims of forced partner famine . never before had a story of nouns and humanity to man been so compellingly told every episode reported that the utmost compassion the human form described with such keen Honesty and pitying respect . the Smarthistory conversation Paris the scene to the horrifying photographs that we saw from Abu Ghraib prison . sooner emotional impact on one of the most startling themes in both who is in Anti Canyon those photographs from Abu Ghraib . it's the indifference of the tormentors . and if you recall your own reaction to the publication of those photographs . one of the things that don't . he made us think . how civilized society . do something like this . and THAT incense is what Goya is expressing . . not of the war . we see his questioning of the very of the Enlightenment . in this work retreat Eastern Europe open for another series of actions called the beach . The Sleep of Reason preconceived Monsters shows a young student break I this is like a college student I think you that is really representative of the Enlightenment be in reason and learning . fallen asleep He is haunted by owls and the symbols of folly and ignorance . there is much a part of human nature as reason . major work chronicling the war is titled the third of May eighteen oh Anti . it depicts a French by airing squad executing unarmed Spanish peasants in retaliation for an uprising against the occupying army . late at night and is illuminated by a lantern . I promptly deleted spotlighted figure whose arms are raised in the pose of the crucified Christ . the main recall how shot lead at the huge strategy to to draw are sent of sympathy for the high jump Homer . also make the viewer sympathize with the peasants by focusing on their anguish as they await their weakness really something you can see what's going on these hats and have already been murdered . he this man is about to be and peace ArtThe peasants who are next in line we can really sympathize with . with the emotional . . they are going through . the findings squad interesting lead faceless and Portinari deliberately makes nine from a reference to shot lead at the open her a Shiite . the work that celebrated the ideas of the Enlightenment and eight b expressed certainty that good . typically a questioning look . what you are Enlightenment revolution has brought the Spanish people . this painting is different from Neoclassicism because it doesn't celebrate virtue . nor is it meant to be a modern history painting that glorifies a great hero . Instead Goya focuses on the hopeless victims of social injustice . celebrate human for two but rather denounces human palate . a major shift this is really kind of moment in which the and tear on modern kind of world where artists are using their part . for purposes of social commentary Milan to celebrate virtue . but to question challenge . I'll let the rice again . what makes this work Romantic . not very be not about love that show . oh fifteen On focuses on the dark side of human character Nancy inhumanity to man rather than Carol . we'll also is romantic . it's not finished and polished the way neoclassical . it's very loose sketchy spontaneous . you might think about how this contributes to the peanut almost feels like it could get down on the spot . we might think about also . that would make sense for keeping likely to be beautifully finished one of the soul . . and finally the fact that it is some Jack did . it expresses the artist's individual how bleached about . plate . Romanticism really was the movement gave birth to something that we take for granted today . the modern concept of the artist to kind of social comment . to friends to share a coach Raft of the Medusa is another example of artistic social commentary . I was based on a contemporary account that had really with it in the French public on them . it was French . Oil me the freedom to fail in eighteen sixteen called the Medusa . to colonize Senegal . it was held by an officer who had not sailed for over twenty years and important . the officer had been appointed by the King and what's good and competent . and you might think about what a scandal there was over . on the head of theme during the whole Katrina disaster . how about to become such a political football the same thing happened in France . in eighteen sixteen to the cabin had served for twenty years but he was a friend . we got John . he was incompetent . we ran the ship aground on a sandbank . and then to the shortage of lifeboats those who were left behind be kept in touch with the screw and let the passengers behind on that they hadn't build a raft for one hundred and fifty people . Raft drifted away on a bloody thirteen day odyssey that was seen only ten lives and things only got worse that contrasts Der was made worse by the brutality and cannibalism that on many of the survivors had to resort to work . . for the painting Gericault read everything he could in the press interview survivors . built around in his studio and visited the local morgue to study of body parts . Holman with them . seeing . now completed work was monumental in scale and will be Academy were the large scale painting like this . country . you know what kinds of in terms of St . contemporary of Advent and anything but get well . actually I another story about the dark side and on about nouns into the that that human capacity for the Horatii and gravity . a co portrays the dramatic moment when a rescue ship is spotted on the horizon . he organizes the figures into this dramatic Europe pyramidal group Mary's searching no movement to be a taste of the triangle . we see this big Here we even of cloth trying to get the attention of the ship on the horizon . Leigh day Co single case empathy for the Abolitionist movement by placing a black man at the apex of the cure and the over black slate on the ship . littered with dead and the body . I mean there are literally you see that this is half of a body so this post . for that period if you can think of the growth of the that you have seen recently with the special effects were like been sick during the realistic that was the fact painting when it was good . so far from being a celebration of human virtue the picture depicts a scene of unmitigated horror and suffering there are no hero . story . . the picture completely unacceptable to the expectations of the day . and on a large scale . Carolyn summits one critic complained if you Nation eco seems mistaken . the goal of painting is to speak to the hole in the eyes not to repel . you might say that from Romanticism thought otherwise . Raft of the Medusa was a powerful Statement against political corruption that continues to inspire artists today . for example on its theme of political incompetence and corruption was the inspiration for Joel Peter Witkin Raft of George Bush . the photograph be . . the African American artist Kara one or two with twenty connection to begin her . the net . cover the New Yorker magazine where she know if you knew Gary Coast thinking on you would recognize that she is doing . and cover . related to the Katrina disaster which also involved . incompetence . invented the radical idea of freedom and quality for offices what brought the democratic revolutions in the United States and France . Neoclassicism eight in Reason and Science however was not appear to and how pretty her and you rationality of human eight year that Reign of Terror showed that we are not like the people pictured in God to heal possible Picture . Romanticism to discover the complexity but the human eye . .