. in the next few minutes I was told about the Text Mode avoid war by that I mean . the situation is this . we do not have the original copies of any biblical book of Genesis to revelation . American be surprising to person . when they first hear it . that what we have are actually copies of copies of copies . in that piece of the Old Testament . the oldest copies of the Old Testament we have . the to the Dead Sea scrolls four the Dead Sea Scrolls date to about a hundred BC . well when did I say live . I see lives around seven hundred BC . Moses lived thirteen fourteen fifteen hundred BC . and so the oldest copies . we have of the Old Testament day . hundreds of years after they were those books were actually first written . same situation with the New Testament . the oldest Greek manuscripts we have . the the most to her temple the be all this . pretty much . substantial manuscripts are Paul's why teams . keys to about two hundred eighteen year A P two hundred . that's hundred and fifty years after Paul root for sprinting . so sometimes people were shocked to find . Khomeini centuries after these folks were actually first written . are they surviving copies . now this is not something that we should be alarmed about . we're actually in a much better situation . when it comes to the books of the pliable than we are for example with regard to the ball to play till or some of the other engine Greeks nobody goes around worrying about what . purge or homer . I'm originally said that there are scholars to talk about those things . but but you know when you took a philosophy class if you never took last the class . the substantial teachings of Plato or not in question . even though the manuscripts we have really have just you maybe a half a dozen . in some good situations manuscripts of certain plate don't play TO's writings . we have over five thousand Greek manuscripts of the new test to know most of them are medieval which means that most of the people around eighteen one thousand and are a thousand years after poll actually wrote . but we do have some very old ones . for example to have a very very very substantial manuscripts Paul's writings that dates from about the teacher hundred . that is really exceptional . when it comes to the question of ancient manuscripts . and so even though the person might be shocked to know that we don't have the regional copy of Rome and the whole signature right here in the end for anyone to look at even though we don't have that . we are really in a much better situation . when it comes to . I'm having ancient copies . then we are in relation many many others . each of rights . so we're we're actually not in a bad case but what happens is each of these manuscripts is going to have minor differences from each other none of them is going to be exactly the same because when people copied things the meteors . the most the time . Lima to make up a number I don't know what precise number is . let's say that ninety five or ninety three who goes somewhere a very high percentage of the of the time that there copies are so close to each other for the for the mistake in copying is so obvious that there's really no question in the in over ninety percent well over ninety percent of the various copies of the Old and New Testament that we have of well over ninety percent of the time . we're pretty clear what the regional actually step in in that remaining say five percent of the time . the difference Heart nothing no essential . doctrine is called into question . because of of manuscripts . variations that is to say if the oldest manuscripts of call options leave out the phrase . and through his blood in one verse . then there is a place in a speech and frankly there's a place a couple versus leader . where the blood of Christ just mentioned . as Welch was no conspiracy . he Sometimes your about conspiracies to take out the blood of Christ . but that was that was a conspiracy it was of very bad conspiracy . now because it's still there in plenty of places . there's no conspiracy . about manuscripts no matter what you Sometimes you're on the popular level . and you simply have People copy manuscripts . and sometimes making mistakes . and of course there were some intentional . I'm kind of changes that people made . but I'm convinced that even in those cases . the intention was good . in other words that most of those changes with them to clarify . the biblical text . rather than to mess things up for or to take some doctrine on it . it's all clear that even in the manuscripts that would be missing the most If you would . and every essential crescendo . all right deities . is there some more outs . so . in the field of Textual Criticism asks How did the a regional text read out or criticism can be off putting . because we think of criticizing . now we often think of the UN commander were that dress out in public . you know that's that's who we think of me think of Criticism . that's not Criticism means in this context and this is the only place I'm going to call it . Textual Criticism . but Criticism in this context means critical thinking . making critical decision making sound objective decisions . so that's the situation with regard to the text in a in a nutshell . the tougher second about the King James Version . because of some . in some circles the key game to Version remains the Version the most in most Ricans . Oh this is a debate of the forty fifty years ago . well more like forty . thirty or forty years ago . most churches don't have an issue with what Version you use most . most churches would say use whatever Version . are you you think you'd hear God's voice most clearly in . well I don't know whether most would say that but I would say most healthy . churches have that you used to Version of the BibleThe to which and you cure God's force the most effect fifteen games of the New King James . that's great if it's if it's something else that's great . I mean you do need you here . and the people who are NT the message or . NT the Paktia ninety your . you do you do find a lot of that kind of Version warfare . and and so that has to do with . but the philosophy of translation . more than it has to do with the Question of the text . that's a different subject how do you translate to translate very . when Lee you're the translate very freely . that's a different issue and one that and I will be covered elsewhere . this particular big caps is about . What did you how did the regional text read what were the words that word they are and what were the words that work there . of the variations among manuscripts . how did the regional reading . and in here we basically all we have two alternatives . there are two alternatives . to start off with I'm going to call the old alternative . but Keane James alternative . this is the this is the the the Text Tool tradition that has . the ending of more the sample . Mark sixteen nine three twenty . this is the . this is them . it's a longer version . it has more verses . more words not a whole lot more mean I can sit nine ninety plus percent of the thing . but you have this one . Text Tool Tradition . that on the call right now looking James . Tradition and then the other one is everybody else . that is all the Modern pretty much modern versions of the Bible not all of the deployment will the Bible . it's up to leave it has a tendency to . follow this tradition a little bit more but that basically you only have two choices when it comes to this question of how you think the regional . manuscripts of the Bible read . and and what you made your decision as to which you play into even better than yours . you're here once again . I'm your pretty clear about what the original text read . depending on on Which choice you make if you go with the King James Tradition in your preacher you know . production was text read . if you go with the majority of Modern Translations . they knew pretty much know what the regional text read . but I want to win this week asked explain what the issues are . in making that choice . King James Version . came out and sixteen eleven . if you're listening to this big catch . in twenty eleven . this isn't the four hundredth anniversary of the King James Version . of course the King James version that you would typically by an accretion bookstore is not the sixteen eleven Version . it's been a it was . he was updated . over the hundred fifty years or so after . I'm the first King James came out it was edited as many as five times . not all those were massive rotation but had a keen James Version A you would buy in a bookstore today is not the sixteen eleven Version . so I'm . we wona make it very clear that the King James version was never intended to be set in stone for Olympic eternity . over the first two hundred years of its existence . there was an understanding that language changes that things need to be updated . and so of those who insist no we must use at the regional King James Version even in English . we cannot use . I'm even The New King James preserve individual to whom it even The New King James version should be used . that that whole view reflects that . just just to be honest . up up precision if it didn't ignorant of how Elaine Which function . language changes to mean the word cool . didn't exist in the English language fifteen years ago . now if you're listening to this into twenty eleven . language changes meaning change language doesn't mean the same that there are things in the Keane James Version . they did three years probably think they understand but don't because the word doesn't mean the same thing . when the King James version says picture conversation be known . it's not talking about like speaking like I'm doing no conversation in . I think seventeen eighty nine or whatever The Last King James revision was done . I'm conversation and manner of conduct . and so it's very easy that it two to suppose that there may be King James Version . users who think they understand what that first means when they don't even understand they emerge because the emotions change means . Lane which has to be opting for you to be understood . and eventually of course . language changes to where you can even understand how the way people spoke before Shakespearean emotions very difficult for me to understand without some notes to explain . and if I've if you've ever read deal Wolf . they are Wolf is in English but man it's not in English that I speak language changes . this is the nature of things . and so it has to be updated . if people are going to understand that you that are were then Chile though he'll have to take a language class just to be of understand that the King James Version were at that now in terms of the the everyday person on the street . they're not going to understand King James for that matter issue . so let's let's get that and just out of of of the way there . but that the King James version was not the first English version by any means . in fact that it was a compromise . translation between the Geneva Bible which was actually the . the Bible of the pure terms of the the Bible that was most popular . among the Which . at the time of the state of the Which Cup your tunes . and then the Bishop's Bible . the Bishop's Bible was presented by the pier just because it had on . notes Both of these Bible had no Choose I recall . the Geneva Bible had notes that were were perceived to be against a team NT markets . notes The Bishop's Bible have those perceived to be to not take the UN not to take the biblical . had Text of with enough authority . and so are keen James who was himself probably know particularly white kids . man of course he didn't translated just commissioned it . but King James . the commission this compromise . translation and didn't catch on . the medium and in fact done by remember correctly . the your team's two first came to America and sixteen hundreds . well that Geneva Bible not the King James Bible so much . come to America but the King James version did catch on and did become the primary . the English version . the King James Version of sixteen eleven was based on the so called textus receptors . of Stephanus which it can fifteen fifty . textus receptus means received Text at the Greek in other words the Greek text that time . for the New Testament that come to be accepted as the . and as the text of the New Testament . and of course that openly came from a Roman Catholic by the name of Erasmus in the days before the reformation . I'm Erasmus of course remain . Roman Catholic after the Prosser reformation . using humanist who argued against Martin Luther . all he was friends with Martin Luther . he argued against a Martin Luther . when women to begin to have to protest and the withdrawal . and so it is somewhat ironic in the sense that . and those who are most strongly in favor of the King James also usually very NT cap . and so it is interesting that . the Belgian Head of the Greek text behind the King James version was somebody who opposed . the Protestant reformation . although he was of no use to . more of a liberal then a . Dion the war . I'm . Roman Catholic . the Pistons . but some . more about the King James . Erasmus when he and the league fourteen hundreds . he only had about twelve Greek manuscripts . to assemble the New Testament three contest that from the oldest copies he had were from the nine hundred and six again . significant you realize that the manuscripts that . modern scholars now used to reconstruct the original text tell worded . our shoulders seven hundred years older than what Erasmus Sometimes . I know when I first read the a ninety for example I was a little . in annoy you . applying a present for Mark sixteen you come across a note that says something like the oldest and most reliable manuscripts don't have the first is that a little boy . especially if you've grown up reading on Mar sixteen nine to twenty . but you have to realize that the manuscripts . all of which . and those are the NID is based is you know seven hundred eight hundred nine hundred years older . so if it's in the week . it defies our common sense to us that Keane James seems old . in an Ivy seems new . but in terms of the manuscripts may skip the handwritten copy of the screen another with the printing press . in terms of the manuscripts the NID Tradition does is about a thousand years or . then the Manuscripts behind the King James two even though the King James is sold in the NID is new . in terms of the copies of the New Testament that based on the MIT is much older . and so what what modern scholars would say is not that the NID two words now that's what you hear sometimes . but that in fact The Keene James reflect words that were added in overtime . well again you have to make your decision on the stand . Erasmus I like Erasmus Erasmus was a entrepreneur . I'm and you you for that good good BibleThe to Bloomberg Bible was what . there was no . at that time . in the late fourteen hundred . that is no Greek . printing Press Version of the new test of their research dollars in Spain for working on . very scholarly the parallel Bible . Ia ll including the Greek attest to that Erasmus a friend . the faucet the concrete them that they could be the first . I like this . I like this about Erasmus reminds me of the Wesley seminary and in the ocean University Erasmus . begin does to to scramble to put . come and get it . and he did in fact when . but again it's importer realize that . um . he had about twelve . usually the that doesn't manuscripts . Q six especially with the oldest were from the oldest one was from the nine hundred tedium actually use that one . as much as the ones that were medieval even leader . we know have manuscripts from the two hundred to three hundred to four . we have to nearly complete copies of the New Testament from the early three hundred . they're called record Acts cortex has the ball . cortex Sinai tickets which was severed in in the heat down around of Sinai . and cortex back Qantas which was discovered in the in the Vatican . both these were discovered in the . eighteen hundred twosome feel like Indiana Jones . the of the Indiana Jones of Mateschitz was a guy named . petition Gore . Lin around finding these things in the two countries . again those who oppose Modern Translations Sometimes bill a nice quick Sinai Dickerson back and it's but it's important to realize that . since that . that point in the teen hundreds . and we've discovered in order manuscripts than them . and so the city . you know you can't you can't malign the Sinai he can synthetic an S and and undermine Modern Translations anymore because we discovered older ones . and guess what . the older ones pretty much agree with cyanide to synthetic and so I'm . again you get all kinds of of of coping mechanisms with these new realities . and you get you get individuals of mourning the character of the of what Scott and four . and who were two individuals to put together The Method time and presenting of how the hell most scholars would go about deciding how the original text read . but you can't you can't get you mean just because you assassinate the character of what's on board or assassinate the reliability of cyanide to synthetic candidate doesn't work . it doesn't work because these . that was common for really only . only system a system entice they're preaching teaching . the ideas that was coming or put in their famous book . on on the science of up to Criticism . the methods that they sat down they didn't come up with . they've been recognized by scholars of this area for well over a century before them . I'm and also in the manuscripts that they use . we felt older manuscripts that basically agreed . and so on . to me just say make you claim you're welcome to disagree and . and I certainly I could be wrong but from a standpoint of objectivity . I'd do not see our anybody whose primary interest is in that room . rather than reinforcing something the a ninety your Koppel . I do not steal . anybody who's approaching the Evidence objective was . I can conclude that . I'm . that became James Tradition is more likely to be the a regional Tradition like I didn't always think that way . I started off resistant to Modern Translations . it was only lying just plainly having to admit to myself that the evidence was against me . but I eventually change my mind again . and everyone is welcome to . everyone has to take their own path . so on . and there but certainly they're blowing spots for generations so . I'm . he'll have to think through the issue are seldom make your own decisions . I don't ErasmusKJV the decision entrepreneur . at times he translated back to Greek and Latin so he did not have a complete copy of revelation leading his initial Translations . and so at revelation twenty to fourteen . I think I think it says something that can change about him . the works of of the right Choose . whereas other Version say something about Washington robes . and and this . there are Greek manuscripts that have . Washington wrote to believe that I believe like Kevlar which is Which which I think in the works is that can change in the world to the Modern Translations . and there are Greek manuscripts that have both readings . . whether or not Erasmus would have . and ended with works or whether whether he would have gone with with Rovers defeated headed . a complete copy of revelation . I don't I don't know . however it is interesting that time . after his first edition came out he did eventually secure a copy of revelation . and the admission that his initial version had some Greek greens that warning in the Manuscripts because he'd be just freely translated back from land . which is kind of interesting that this verse probably would be the remains the way it does because of that situation . . because No . last Version dad had works . and so on . but I I really do admire Erasmus he got the job done People I can ransoms get the job done . while the more good antics dollars . there's a place for potential Toner is not saying that that the more it antiques colors on it at that NT not to get things done . now Catholic politics maybe got in first John five seven . Bush John five seven is the most explicitly treated Terri in versed in the holy Testament . the problem is it doesn't appear in any Greek manuscripts before . about fifteen hundred . when Erasmus himself was found was compiling the Greek The Testament . it does appear in the margins of the few older manuscripts . but you know later hand . it was understand the situation . and of course dispersed its most really caring person will pull the testament . I is never mentioned in the entirety of the training carrying debates of the early centuries . to me that that means . it's just not any chance at all that this is original . no chance because in the two deterring debates of the three hundreds . they would mention the most reading chair in first in the Bible this is clearly a first . and that was nothing wrong with diverse . that's another important thing to say . when we're asking how did the original text read . What word was it what was its wording . we're not asking which reading has the best knowledge . King James has Greek theology in fact maybe we should use it for its theology . we Jewish At music . if our goalie is to have the most original text . this isn't an interesting thing Department . now that that actually the King James might be a better theological Acts . from accretion standpoint . regardless of the fact that it is not likely to be the most original text . something might want think about . but . the story goes that of Erasmus was not going to put this to victory and first in his Greek New Testament affected don't think it was in his first edition . but the Which pressure by the virus . Roman Catholic bishop or for some person some . authorities have concluded and this after all to Greek person that reading . and so Erasmus . so the story goes . I'm claim that he would put it in if they could show him one Greek manuscripts that . but headed in it . and in his The Journal he notes that the teams seem to still be wet twenty percent in the one . now again is nothing wrong the first John one seven . question strictly was it in the first copy . first John . and that does not at all seem likely . so what is the Method of modern Text to Criticism how does it work . it basically works on two principles . first of all what is the external evidence of the manuscript what this means is . with only of the land when it comes to the the actual copies the half . and here in the rule for modern version does . how do the oldest and most reliable manuscripts three . now all this guy is determined on the basis of in the Iverson . that is we compare various Text witness the same time . and we had there People need to be to the and antiques college . we'd love to to have somewhere in the back room doing their work . the appeal ERP basically takes hand writing style because styles changed have you ever seen and . got up out of a Bible from your great grandmother . there is a certain style that you can tell Lou I can tell that . that that dates from nineteen you know thirties . that's the way people use to right that we ve learned to write in school . or that's the way Based golden words . so oldest . is that this is science of beating manuscripts by . and by their white he pushed are also scientific methods for the team . carbon fourteen dating PM The shroud return to the fourteen hundreds Which which pretty much shows the question on whether or not it's the regional trial . and so you can also take a small sample of the manuscript and the the the paper . I'm still all this is OK . reliable tool that circular well Heidi you know what the most reliable manuscripts are . and for them or are the old that someone might argue that the reason why the oldest manuscripts and read more like modern birds is because they were bad manuscripts and nobody used them . and that all the manuscripts that people use . I'm actually turned out to be . . to wear out . so that the oldest manuscripts we have are not the most one . but there are but one of the things the West of work . and I think . showed is that there is a the kind of pattern we see him and manuscripts for Temple you might have one old manuscripts it says a . in another mobile Manuscripts says Beane . and then you might have medieval manuscripts as a and b any use to just common sense . they said well what's the best explanation for this . well some copiers had to manuscripts in front of the one which said a in one of which said the EU were losing either . so you put a vote . and so on . . the idea was the most reliable manuscripts are . actually derives from time . from patterns in what we call Internal Evidence . and I was never convinced of what I'm saying on the basis of the External Evidence . I was finally convinced of these methods because of Internal Evidence this just makes so much common sense Internal Evidence does . I'll talk about in the second . that I think it's compelling . and I would've just had to termite green on . I'm not two not to perceptive . but Internal Evidence basically asks this common sense question . which original reading . would that explain how the other variants are Rovers . that's just common sense . it's like a detective most of which which came first to what happened next . and out of the most reliable manuscripts . and that kind of the most reliable status . is it something that that has to ride over time . from experts in this area and I'm not an expert in this area . but from experts began to get hurt in this area . who have . look at patterns of Internal Evidence . in order to say well this family of manuscripts seems to be a pretty reliable family because the Internal Evidence consistently comes out . the bass . so the money that the overview . and many many go into on some specific . first of External Evidence . for the Old Testament and I'm sure I've been talking mostly about the New Testament all the debates . it happened in the New Testament by the time the Dead Sea scrolls came around . debates over Text to Criticism of premature Hari been then won the Dead Sea scrolls were discovered in the late nineteen forties . and then by that time for Temple might Church has a statement in its documents that time . the Bible Authority has to do with the regional manuscripts . and so the new regional manuscripts part of . basically says that we're allowed to do Text to Criticism . so the reason why this not as much of a fuss over . and the Old Testament text is because . and one we don't have as many manuscripts . and to by the time the Dead Sea scrolls came along . pretty much this debate has been one . in mainstream evangelical circles even joked with them has never had a problem . I'm with Textual Criticism in fact they even show was invented to distinction between what they call fire Criticism what they call more Criticism this is the forecast . and whether the excess artificial distinction but that basically the idea was is that more Criticism was OK . her criticism was not . I'm still Text to Criticism be more Criticism was OK . and that debate was pre-match one . by the time the Dead Sea scrolls came along . but there are few places with the Dead Sea scrolls . and I'd have had changed . our sense of the regional . and for Temple in the Dead Sea scrolls percent said ten twenty seven has a whole paragraph . that that is very helpful . actually in understanding the train of thought . but that up there in any of them Hebrew manuscripts we had a field test before the Dead Sea scrolls down . interesting enough . I'm most Modern Translations have still not put it in all will delay No to put it in . so far as the new revised Standard Version . so if you will . one to see the text or paragraph . check out the NRSC be of a percent and twenty seven . but there are other places where . after Temple the Greek Translations the old test said one thing . and the Hebrew text we have . had they lived before the Dead Sea scrolls the oldest . old Testament Text we had with them as you reading text which also dated from the people Kurds you're talking . he'll fifteen hundred years and more . between when the old test was written in them as reading text . but the on the Dead Sea scrolls . Wallace back a thousand years . in hold the manuscripts of the weekend . now of a couple things of the receiver would be don't really go here but before I forget . and now let me say for example that there's a rule . in manuscripts that manuscripts are to be way he did not count it . as you see the and there are some who say they should be counted . the principle that Manuscripts should be weighed not counted . basically taken to help the fact that of If you have personal one in person too . it's a person once said is I think the proof I think she said this person to set I think she said . this well . what's a person want him in just ten people . that he heard her quickly and person to convince is the hundred people that he heard the crackling . now by by the time you end up with all those people . you have eleven people saying she said one thing . and hundred and one people saying she said another thing really . the the the people back to the sources . it's a one on one thing it's a fifty fifty chance she has said look for someone said what person to set . so if you count all the people they convinced . that's really not clearly relevant to what she said . the the eyewitnesses there all week to eyewitnesses in this scenario . and the fact that you end up with eleven two hundred and one . doesn't way to hundred and one necessarily as being correct . maybe maybe that person . they didn't person too . who made person to die well on the are really nice person and convinced a hundred people that see person one got a right that they're dirty rotten scoundrel who nobody wanted to listen to that receipt Mateschitz have to be weighed not counted . the fact the matter is most amazed if the two have survived this in of things Paul Hartley who some might Bible to talk with of the year's finest on all your things Paul Hart . and so it only makes sense that the vast majority of manuscripts we have would be very bleak and the people . they don't count as much . the stock scientifically . we often as Christians Christians often bring in so called white peers to trump Evidence . and I'm not convinced that that's really . a very sound practice on a commission that really demonstrates a greater interest in that room . or whether it that it represents the human tendency to . and to use our minds to avoid the obvious use time . but that from a logical standpoint time . the older manuscripts . with the way he . heavier more heavily than the majority of medieval manuscripts the pre-match all say the same thing . so I wanted the slip that in here . that meant that the government should be weighed not counted . I'm doing we keep going . I'm . it's terms of the New Testament . the oldest manuscripts came to be there for pirating . which is a certain kind of of of . document . People are made out of leads . from a plant in Waycross twice in each other in some of glued together . those are in Scrolls form . they tend to be the oldest . so that the Pirates' I was mentioning . early collection of almost all Paul's writings to be from about eighteen two hundred to four Pirates manuscripts . I'm from a three hundred on . and most of manuscripts are written on . animal Hyder Belgium . and therein and a UN Schobel we call Winchell manuscripts that have all capital letters which the party of all capital letters too . they're with me in a continuous script that is there's no speeches for words . between words or no punctuation . and there's a Web site . if you're taking this as a force . there's a Web site in the in the document for this week . that will give you some sense of how that continues Scripture work . I'm a German troops . it ended the from the three hundred to four hundred to five and so forth . I'm . you also have were called them in the new school manuscripts . and that people once they're in curses . that kind of lower case curses . most things that they're forming new schools have abbreviations to the top forty People forces and the sinking to the doctor . and the strings . and there's mourning that will never in . and of course the really Translations and other languages . some of these are older than the Greek Manuscripts AU . and just because you're looking at a Latin . manuscripts from three hundred . you might have the better . a witness to the original reading than a Greek minister from six hundred . enforce the Church Fathers quote . on the New Testament . and so that even though there are no Greek there are no variables Greek manuscripts that have the ending of more there . there is a quotation that seems to be this material from the late one of hundreds in in the Church while the main gear in a this . so I'm no court you have to do Text to Criticism on the Translations on Fathers . it's very complicated thing . I'm and there and will push for should be very glad somebody is interested in doing this hard work . but most of the stuff . the don't realize tell which worked when into this . that's extra one evidence that the kind of lay of the manuscripts in general . I If I see a pope Iris poured onto manuscripts . that that has a certain . reading I give that more weight than of a new school . medieval manuscripts . OK Internal Evidence . the rule the basic rules here . Pick the one . as most likely be original . that that's what explains how the other variations came about and are two basic moves here . neither of them are absent . of the first one makes a lot of sense usually the more difficult reading is the more regional copies did not get their Jolley is from messing up the text . and in general . they tried to clarify the text . so usually the more difficult read is true the more original region . and this one is not at all . and . always the case but a lot of times . the shorter . reading is more likely to be the moral original it is . as people copied the text they tend to to expand the Text to clarify then . then cut things out beat the Tennessee This is not all always the case that NT is to expand the text not to prune back to the text . in fact is that the manuscript or Acts . I forget how much longer it is . then most manuscripts of Acts . I them to Western so called Western mention of Acts that is significantly longer but it's not that there's it's not a doctrine or not they're not lightning . actual thoughts on Christ . it's more like gum . three blocks north to get control as of the it's it's it's it's him that direction Wolf . kind of clarification all things . and so time to begin this has been shown not at all to always be the case . but usually the shorter reading . if you have to you know if you're in a line call and you have to make a judgment . usually the shorter reading is more likely to be reachable . Del and I do one . and this by talking about the other philosophy . there are very intelligent people . no more than IQ about Text to Criticism . who would maintain that Manuscripts should be counted and not . I'm waiting . and the majority textus not exactly the same as the textus receptors . which is based on Erasmus suspects Erasmus didn't have the majority of Text in front of him . Erasmus so there there are some potential peculiarities . in Erasmus is text . that Majority Text scholars would would accept the Majority Text is pretty straightforward you basically have up to the manuscripts you know we have . you know thousands and thousands of many social What do most of them read them and . so it's it's and it's very very much like . What the King James textus but not exactly . the same . there seems to be an assumption here . God wouldn't preserved . the regional reading over time at the at first glance the cells very convincing . I'm especially because we we seem to have some knee jerk Assumption the old year is better . and so especially spots . you know get back to the Bible it back to the regional reading Down with Tradition in that sort of thing . and so this is the sense that that God would have had let the text . developed for or expanded . or changes over time even though worldly talking about a small portion of the tax . there is this kind of intuitive sense that well you know God would not have left . the ending of more be added . and she rather it needs to be Modern Phoenix taking it out . and and and that he'll have to make appeal mine on this . I personally don't think that this philosophy . I'd be and this is my opinion this is not using the idea is to try to avoid . the most likely Conclusions found in in my mind is this is not . a viewpoint that is really old to move the interest of intrigue . it's a viewpoint that basically says I'm going to use my intellect . to find a way to support the things I already think so . . ironically it's a kind of thinking that is used to preserve Tradition . and rather than as an open mind for what is really true . then you can you go free disagree with . but I'm yours why I have an eye problems which for one . if this degree of precision . with regard to the original wording . if this is really God's goal that we should not even be using the Bible in English and this is what the Muslims to the Muslims would say that the difficult on those not in Arabic it's not the Koran . and so if if we have to have that degree precision and much to stop using any translation all unused the decree text . because any translation is going to . you know . very from the original attack so I don't think that that to actually despair sell a lot of the stories you hear about the precision in copying are actually more . in relation to the Mazur reaching the mine hundreds of them and the time of of Christ for the time of the Dead Sea scrolls . the evidence we have of ancient manuscripts is actually that there was a sense of freedom . and this is borne out in the new test . this is I think the clincher . if you compare four sample . the way he Greek and five breeds of body you prepared for me . with the first quoting the Old Testament . Mike years you have dugout . and you'll see that . there is a actually issued . even within the team James aware the verse he reads quote . it is worded differently than time in the Old Testament that is the new test that well they . there's no way around it . one of these is more original than the other and they cannot both be equally original so with the in the biblical text . it's self . we see that God did not preserved . the original wording . and that and and this would be shown time and time again and it s the new test Walters did not necessarily news to be a regional wording . and of the of the text Time . or actually what you find more often is that there was a freedom that the new test on his head to paraphrase an even to combine scriptures to get it . M . as for Temple in Matthew Chapter two . where it says some of Jesus . parents with natural that it might be fulfilled . Beltre spoken by the profits plural . he will be called in as the read we will find an old testament textus as the messiah will be called as read . defined as . comment about Sampson being an answer right each time answering . you find the word nots are used in Isaiah of of the of the attacks that was taken messianic plea of not sorrow that will come from . from Jesse that if there's a great deal of freedom in the sense that that there the peace . old Testament ex-wife's about trying to lead them to to strictly in that Jesus would be it . and from Nasser of them preceded the New Testament simply does not show a rigidity . fourteen . kind of arcane interest in getting back to the regional Text of of the Old Testament . rather it shows that freedom and Spirit to paraphrase to combine even to alter the wording of the old test so so it did so in the and as as noble as it sounds as spiritual sounds to say that God would not have let allow the Text to bury inning . it just does not seem to hold up against . the situation as it is . as it appears Which which of course fits with my theology which is the God he is interested in the big picture . and at that . this kind of the day in cheek concern for the details . the event that you can often lead to a kind of out of time . medallist fundamentalism alike than you know like the affair Sea circle portrayed in same asking for the whole so called into the attacks in deletions that kind of rigidity down to the letter . and that is not in my penal to the the the Spirit of the New Testament self . ironically although it does seem to be a tendency of human nature . Spc Timing and time again history . well you are welcome to the IQ week . and the things that we've said in fact . I hope you will . thank you very much . in less .