Claudia Conklin Reference & Instruction Librarian Plagiarism: What It Is and How to Avoid It What is Plagiarism? The action or practice of taking someone else's work, idea, etc., and passing it off as one's own; literary theft. "plagiarism, n.". OED Online. etc., and passing it off as one's own; literary theft. "plagiarism, n.". OED Online. 6/view/Entry/144939?redirectedFrom=plagiarism>. [MLA Style] Types of Plagiarism Using exact phrasing (cutting and pasting) without using quotation marks and citation Changing a few words within a sentence Not giving credit for a term or phrase created by another Using a paper for multiple assignments Purchasing or borrowing papers What are the Consequences of Plagiarizing? C:\Users\WCU\AppData\Local\Micr osoft\Windows\Temporary Internet Files\Content.IE5\PY128OO5\MPj04394940000[1].jpg A failed assignment A failed class Loss of scholarships Suspension or expulsion Other Consequences… Makes the writer appear lazy. Gives the impression that the writer’s work is not trustworthy. The writer misses a learning opportunity. What is Citation? The quoting of a book or author in support of a fact. A passage or source cited for this purpose. Collins English Dictionary. London: Collins, 2000. s.v. “citation,” http://www.credoreference.com/entry/hcengdict/citation (accessed March 06, 2011). [Chicago Style] Does Everything Have To Be Cited? C:\Users\Claudia\AppData\Local\ Microsoft\Windows\Temporary Internet Files\Content.IE5\XS3JIO8P\MP90 0382712[1].jpg C:\Users\Claudia\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Windows\Temporary Internet Files\Content.IE5\YTL889JU\MP900309638[1].jpg C:\Users\Claudia\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Windows\Temporary Internet Files\Content.IE5\Y598ZKRD\MP900409574[1].jpg Always Cite… The creative works, ideas and opinions of another Articles Artwork Books Letters Movies Music Photographs Information available electronically Audio Graphs Maps Pictures Video Websites Other media Always Cite… Information gathered through interviews or conversation (via email, phone, face to face, etc) Direct quotations or exact words Summarized material from a source other than yourself Don’t Cite… Your own ideas, opinions and experiences Dates (unless they are debated) Common knowledge or historical facts C:\Documents and Settings\cconklin\Local Settings\Temporary Internet Files\Content.IE5\VOCC7VDR\MP900439550[1].jpg What is Common Knowledge? C:\Users\Claudia\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Windows\Temporary Internet Files\Content.IE5\YTL889JU\MP900390077[1].jpg Common Knowledge Information that most people know, or that could easily be found in an encyclopedia, dictionary or textbook. If you can find the information in at least 5 sources, consider it common knowledge. Always check with your instructor for clarification, and when in doubt, cite it. Internet Files\Content.IE5\8OB4EO76\MP900182825[1].jpg Types of Citation In-text or Parenthetical One recent US study, for example, found over 50% of university students reporting involvement in some form of internet-based academic cheating during their university career (Breen and Maassen 2005). Similarly, recent studies in North American, UK… Selwyn, Neil. "'Not necessarily a bad thing ...': a study of online plagiarism amongst undergraduate students." Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education 33.5 (2008): 465-479. Academic Search Premier. EBSCO. Web. 23 Sept. 2010. [MLA Style] Types of Citation Footnotes/Endnotes Richardson, J.S. Hispaniae: Spain and the Development of Roman Imperialism, 218-82 BC. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004. Print [MLA Style] Tips for Better Writing C:\Users\cconklin\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Windows\Temporary Internet Files\Content.IE5\U7T3SIO8\MP900316779[1].jpg Resist highlighting text in your sources. Working from these will make it easy to plagiarize. Take notes in words and phrases rather than sentences. Then you can convey the ideas in your own style. Some Tips on Writing comes through. A Note on Summarizing If you replace a few words in a sentence but the basic structure of the sentence stays the same, you are plagiarizing. If you change or delete sentences in a paragraph but keep the original structure, you are plagiarizing. Original Revised Professors are frustrated when students don’t come to class and then arrive at the end of the semester to complain about the heavy workload or ask for an extension. Professors will generally be more responsive to students they know and see on a regular basis. Berkin, Carol and Betty S. Anderson. The History Handbook. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 2003. Print. [MLA Style] Berkin and Anderson (2003) note that students who neglect classes and wait until the end of the term to contact the professor will usually find him less sympathetic (Berkin and Anderson 6). Plagiarized or Not? Original Revised No part of the French Revolution has transfixed posterity as much as “the Terror”. Contemporaries used that label to characterize the use of legalized violence from 1793 to 1794. Censor, Jack R. & Hunt, Lynn. (2001). Liberty, equality, fraternity: The French Revolution. University Park: The Pennsylvania State University Press. [APA Style] No aspect of the French Revolution has captivated posterity as much as “the Terror”. Contemporaries used that term for the use of legalized violence from 1793 to 1794 (Censor & Hunt, 2001, p. 105). Plagiarized or Not? around it and cite it properly. Even if you aren’t sure how to cite it correctly, cite it anyway. To not do so constitutes plagiarism. If you need to clarify whether something is common knowledge, check other information sources or ask your professor. Give credit to your sources through proper citing. Use in-text citation to point readers to original source material. Take notes and summarize material during your research and work from this material when writing your paper. Remember… Acceptability of treatments for plagiarism. College Student Journal, 41(2), 336-341. Liebler, R. (2009). Plagiarism and costs. College Student Journal, 43(3), 718-722. Retrieved from Academic Search Premier database. [APA Style]