Bioaccumulation Storage of toxic substances within organisms Stored within fatty Disruptors: DDT, Mercury, PCBs Teratogens: Cigarette Smoke, Alcohol, Thalidomide Neurotoxins and Endocrine Toxic Substances Allergens:Molds Pollen Carcinogens, Mutagens, KU_hoz_pos_KO.eps Biological Magnification and/or muscle tissue Absorption, ingestion, breathing Sources consulted for this presentation Bioaccumulation. (2010). Retrieved from http://toxics.usgs.gov/definitions/bioaccumulation.html. The Changing Earth Times. (2000). Retrieved from http://www.maine.gov/dep/air/education/docs/newsletterhg.pdf Great Lakes. (2008). Retrieved from http://www.epa.gov/greatlakes/atlas/glat-ch4.html. Mercury Contamination: A Nationwide Thread to Our Aquatic Resources, and a Proposed Research Agenda for the U.S. Geological Survey. (n.d.) Retrieved from http://toxics.usgs.gov/pubs/wri99-4018/Volume2/sectionB/2303_Krabbenhoft/pdf/2303_Krabbenhoft.pdf Mercury Contamination of Aquatic Ecosystems. (2009). Retrieved from http://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1995/fs216-95/. Mercury Education and Reduction Campaign (2003). Retrieved from http://www.mercvt.org/merc.htm Mercury information for the state of Utah. (2010). Retrieved from http://www.mercury.utah.gov/index.htm. Methylmercury. (2010). Retrieved from http://toxics.usgs.gov/definitions/methylmercury.html. Methylmercury in Sport Fish: Information for Fish Consumers. (2007). Retrieved from http://www.oehha.ca.gov/fish/hg/index.html. Persistent Bioaccumulative and Toxic Chemical Program. (2010). Retrieved from http://www.epa.gov/pbt/. Physical and Chemical Properties. (n .d.). Retrieved from http://www.chem.duke.edu/~jds/cruise_chem/pest/ddtchem.html. Poisoned Waters. (2009). Retrieved from http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/poisonedwaters/themes/legacy.html Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs). (2010). Retrieved from http://www.epa.gov/epawaste/hazard/tsd/pcbs/index.htm. South Florida Restoration Science Forum. (2007). Retrieved from http://sofia.usgs.gov/sfrsf/rooms/mercury/ Stockholm Convention on persistent organic pollutants (POPs). (2008). Retrieved from http://chm.pops.int/default.aspx. Withgott, Jay. (2011). Environmental Science. Boston, Massachusetts: Pearson. 5x 40x 200x 5000x of fish-eating birds such as herring gulls Phytoplankton Zooplankton Larger Fish Birds Small Fish The Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) Courtesy: United States Environmental Protection Agency Concentration of toxin = 1x Sources of Toxic Substances photo showing a diagram of sources and pathways of pollution Courtesy: United States Environmental Protection Agency Biomagnification Diagram showing the degree of concentration in each level of the Great Lakes aquatic food chain for PCBs, with the highest level reached in eggs